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- By the word "information" we denote all the
- knowledge which we have of the enemy and
- his country, therefore, it is in part the foun-
- dation of all our ideas and actions.
The Intelligence Cycle is the process by which information is converted into intelligence. It has four phases: Directing, collecting, processing, and disseminating. Directing determines what intelligence is required and who should collect it. Collecting obtains combat information, intelligence, and targets by tasked organizations. Processing converts combat information into intelligence and targets through analysis, and determines how it fits into the situation. Disseminating passes the intelligence and targets to users when they need them.
The process described in this
chapter shows how a unit plans and executes the intelligence effort
to support an operation. The Command Estimate Process is used
to show how the Intelligence BOS helps synchronize other BOSs.
This example shows the intelligence process applied to a brigade,
but the same fundamental process is applied at every echelon.
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| CHECK - Do you and your staff have the same perception of the upcoming fight?
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| CHECK - Does the S2 know all that you know about the enemy situation?
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| CHECK - Does the S2 understand your initial guidance?
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Commander's
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| CHECK - Did the S2 discuss the kinds of operations the area of operations (AO) will support?
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| CHECK - Did the S2 cover what is known about the enemy YOU will face?
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| CHECK - Did the S2 focus the IPB per your guidance? |
| CHECK: - Do the situation templates make sense given the enemy's situation and your knowledge of his tactics |
- Did the S2 prioritize the enemy COAs logically (most likely, most dangerous, least likely)? | |
- Ask yourself, "If I were the enemy S3/G3 for that mission, which COAs would I present to my commander?" |
Commander's
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| CHECK - Did the S2 brief the status of the unit's collection assets? |
Commander's
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Commander's Checklist
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| CHECK - Is each friendly COA valid against each enemy COA? |
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| CHECK - Is the S2 developing indicators for each NAI? |
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Commander's Checklist
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| CHECK - Has the S2 logically presented probable enemy reactions to friendly maneuver and targeting? |
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- Do you agree with the assets tasked by the S2? Do you or your S3 have
conflicting requirements for your scouts or cavalry which will preclude
the S2 from properly executing his R&S plan?
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CHECK - Has the S2 covered NAIs and target areas of interest (TAIs) adequately?
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| CHECK - Are all IRs linked to specific enemy actions or reactions that require a friendly response?
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| CHECK - Did the staff wargame against each of the possible enemy COAs? |
CHECK - Is each friendly response associated with a clearly defined IR? |
Commander's | |
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- Do the identified HPTs attack an enemy weakness that will further the
success of the friendly COA? Do they support your concept of the
operation and your priorities?
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| CHECK - Did the S2 validate "immediate" and "planned" targets? Has he identified appropriate TAIs and tasked collection assets to locate targets when and where you need them attacked? |
CHECK - Did the S2 validate target categories marked as "destroy?"
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| CHECK - Does the planned jamming further the maneuver plan and complement the lethal fire plan? |
Commander's | |
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CHECK - Have each COA's strengths and weaknesses been adequately addressed in terms of the enemy?
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- Do they address your priority concerns about the enemy? Are the
recommended PIR consistent with PIR guidance in Appendix A?
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CHECK - Have you told the S2 when the PIR must be satisfied? |
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- Has the S2 identified the intelligence required to support the
schedule of fires? Does the S2 understand the level of damage each
target requires? Does the S2 understand when the BDA for each target
needs to be determined to support the schedule of fires?
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| CHECK - Has the S2 covered all NAIs, TAIs, and DPs with appropriate collection (R&S) assets?
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| CHECK - Does the intelligence synchronization matrix get you the intelligence you need when you need it?
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CHECK
- Does the intelligence synchronization matrix support your targeting
effort to the degree you require? Have BDA requirements been
incorporated into the collection or R&S plan?
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| CHECK - Is the S2 tasking all available organic and attached collection assets including engineer, aviation, artillery, etc? |
| CHECK - Can the collection assets deliver the intelligence the S2 is tasking? (Ask the MI unit commander or his IEWSO.) |
| CHECK - Does higher headquarters clearly understand your priorities and when you must have the intelligence and targets? |
| CHECK - Is the S2 tracking upcoming dead-lines for intelligence requirements via the intelligence synchronization matrix?
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| CHECK - Is he prompting collection assets to meet taskings? |
| CHECK- Are the MI unit and other tasked assets meeting their intelligence taskings?
- Are the S2 and the IEWSO apprising you of the status of intelligence requests to division? - Is the S2 apprising you of collection problems? |
| CHECK - Can you get immediate answers to questions you have on reported enemy activities, cross-referenced by time, location, or subject?
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| CHECK - Are situation templates being confirmed or denied in a timely manner?
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- Is the S2 fully exploiting IPB and collection efforts? Do you have a
good picture of the battlefield? Do you have enough confirmed
intelligence to execute your concept of the operation as planned during
wargaming? Do you have enough intelligence to properly issue "ON ORDER"
and "BE PREPARED" missions to allow for contingencies identified during
wargaming? - Is the S2 informing you of potential new enemy actions not anticipated during IPB or wargaming? Is the S2 preparing you to change your concept of the operation based upon these unexpected enemy actions? - Is the S2 analyzing the reports and telling you what they mean or merely conducting battlefield "beancounting?" - Is combat information being reported in a timely manner? |
| CHECK - Are all intelligence requirements identified in the BOS synchronization matrix being met in an adequate manner? Are decision makers getting the intelligence in a timely manner?
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| CHECK - Is your S2 producing intelligence reports when you need them?
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- Are intelligence reports keeping key personnel abreast of the enemy
situation? Are they well written? Do they answer PIRs or otherwise
explain why the information is important? Rule of thumb: Can an alert
combat arms soldier understand them quickly without explanation?
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| CHECK - Do all key personnel know about the current status of confirming or denying situation templates (enemy COAs)? - Is the intelligence available whenever you or one of your staff officers needs to make an informed decision? |
Commander's | |
| CHECK - Is the S2 apprising you of anticipated situations on the battlefield?
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| CHECK - Does the S2 use PIRs to refocus the collection effort to address new gaps in knowledge? |
CHECK - Does the S2 ask you to approve the new PIRs before implementing them?
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| CHECK - Can the S2 and IEWSO estimate the impact on collection assets associated with each change in the PIRs?
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| CHECK - Is the S2 prompting you and the S3 to modify the plan ? |